Improvement in car-brakes



J. GROVE.

Gar-Brakes.

Ng.]48 820 Patented March 24,1874.

NITED JOHN GROVE, OF HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CAR-BRAKES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 148,820, dated March24, 1874 application filed December 23, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GROVE, of Harrisburg, in the county of Dauphinand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Brake-Shoes for (Jars and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings making a part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of theholder and the liner in proper position thereon. Fig. 2 represents anedge view of the liner.

The object of my invention is to make the attachment of the liner to theholder dependent simply on insertion, and to hold it securely in placeafter insertion, by the peculiarities of construction in theinterlocking or contiguous parts without the use of bolts and nuts, orlatches and lock-bars, or any equivalent means whatsoever, and to reducethe act of detach- ,ment to a simple, obliquely forwardly directedvertical lift of the liner from its seat in the holder, as hereinafterset forth.

In the following description, A A represent the tire of the liner, and BB the tenons thereon. N H represent the holder. Z W represent themortises or seats made in the holder conformably to the outline of therespective irreversible liner tenons. D represents the brake-bar. Lrepresents the link or clevis,

which, in the eyes 0 in thesides N of the boxform top of the holder,connect it to the trucklog. (Not shown.) H represents the under step ofthe holder, or the instep, if the term shoe is still allowable, which isso made to present the liner A A measurably beneath the wheel, insomuchthat its top may be below the level of the .wheel center, thus attainingnot only proper brake action, but also receiving the full benefit ofgravity to insert the liner, in the manner hereinafter set forth.

The eificiency of my liner and holder union without extraneousconnecting devices iscontingent upon careful construction of the tenonsand mortises, in the following peculiar manner: The tenon B is theshorter of the two, measured from the back of the liner, and tenon B isthe shorter of the two, measured vertically. They are rhomboidal blocksformed on the vertical middle of the Iinerback, occupying about onefourth of its breadth, and their upper and under faces are obliquely inclincd to the Iinerback, so as to make acute angles beneath the tenonsand obtuse angles above the tenons, with the imaginary tangents to thecurve of the linenback at the points of tangency, and the oblique sidesof the tenons are parallel as paired, and indicated by the dotted linesO c O c. The tenon B is provided with a shallow step or ledge, K, samegage as the tenon, which is employed as a guide in a groove made for itin the holder, a retreat, H, in the holder, about the brake-barbolt-head, being made to lead to said groove by beads on the sides ofthe seat for the bolt-head. This beaded way and groove in the holder aredesigned to readily direct the tenon B to its mortise in the holder inthe act of insertion. The mortises Z W in the holder are made to conformto the cross-section of the tenons B and B, respectively, and mortise Zcuts through the holder-wall into the top boxing N. Itis so made thatthe tenon may be approached from the rear to drive it from its position,should it from any cause become wedged in too tightly to be removed by asimple handlift, which may rarely occur. The tenon B is made shorterlaterally than tenon B, in order that in the act of disengagement theliner-top may be swung away from the holder like the leaf of a hinge,the lower ends of the liner and holder acting as the hinge-pintle aboutthe tenon B, which, if made long, would hinder its extraction from themortise WV, which, as

stated, is made shallow on its upper side by the groove, thus servingnot only as a guide or way for the insertion of the tenon, but also as arelease of the bite of the tenon in the act of detachment. This isdeemed to be the com mon way of detachment: Simply swing the top ofliner to free tenon B of its hold and lift the liner; but it is evidentthat if both ends of the liner be equally and simultaneously shifted inthe direction as indicated by the lines 0 c O c, the detachment may befreely made without canting the liner.

It is plainly evident that direct or forward tension by friction on theliner tends to make it hug the holder securely. Secure retention of theliner on the holder during reverse brake action is attained by thefollowing elements of construction and arrangements of parts: First, theliner is located wholly belowthe level of the wheel center; Second, theinstep of the holder about H is large, and the pitch of the upper sideof tenon B and mortise W in relation thereto is retentive when the lineris engaged. Third, the direction of the resistance from friction beingfrom the lower end, the liner must be lifted from the holder, forwardbelow, which is impossible without a fracture of the tenons.

During the disengagement of the brake the liner is kept seated on theholder by gravita- 1ion, and any vertical concussion of the parts isreacted by the resolution of said force by the oblique direction of theinterlocking parts, concussion in all other directions being met by theswing of the brake-hangers, which may be any ordinary hangers now inuse.

The attachment of the liner to the holder is effected by verticallypresenting the tenon B to the grooved and beaded way K H, and by restingtenon B against the upper end of the holder, and letting the liner fallto place.

The advantages of my improved brake-shoe are simplicity and cheapness ofconstruction,

durability and convenience of use, readiness and completeness forattachment and detachment anywhere on the railroad without tools orextra materials, and safety to einploys, as no work need detain themunder trucks where lives and limbs are risked.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I regard as new anduseful, and what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

The brake-shoe composed of the liner A A, provided with the rhomboidaltenons B B, and the holder N H, provided with the rhomboidal -mortises WZ, instep H, and beaded way H K, all constructed and combined to operateeonjointly in the manner as and for the purpose substantially as setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereuntoset my hand this 19th day of December, 1873.

J OHN GROVE.

\Vitnesses:

THEoPnLLUs WEAVER, PETER STUOKER.

